Genetics in vaccines! More than it seems!

By:

Abigail Mcgrath

Kyle Aralar

Period 4

Description:

Vaccination helps the process of making a replica of a weakened disease in which the “antigen” triggers the antibody to stimulate immunization. An antibody is in constant production and plays a big role in science in a way of protecting the immune system in our body from unwanted invaders.  Genetics has a role for viruses in which whenever DNA and RNA is present. Also, genetics has a role for vaccination in a way of creating genetically engineered viruses. For example, “Vaccination generally involves injecting weak live, killed, or inactivated forms of viruses or their toxins into the person being immunized. Genetically engineered viruses are being developed that can still confer immunity, but lack the infectious sequences.” (Genetically Engineered Vaccines. Boundless Microbiology) This means that the role of genetic engineered vaccines is that it creates an inactive virus to prepare the body for combating infectious disease. Additionally, an antigen is a substance that produces antibodies. According to, “World of Microbiology and Immunology”, it states, “ The technique of vaccination has been practiced since at least the early decades… retrieve material from the surface sources of smallpox, ” This means that the idea of vaccination has been around for centuries. And also, back in the early decades, vaccination has been primitive, especially for smallpox, compared to the process of vaccinations today. Also, according to, “World of Health”, it says, “ … vaccinations protect against hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, rabies…” This means that vaccinations prevent diseases and provide protection. In conclusion, vaccination starts for children at least at the time of their birth. In addition for the topic, vaccination is important to human culture because most of the population widely accept vaccination as a beneficial type of engineering. First of all, vaccinations increases the chances of protection from widespread diseases. Second, vaccination can save lives and decreases the chances of certain risks and death. Based on our general research,  the costs of genetically engineered vaccines are frankly expensive.

The idea of vaccine can benefit and potentially change the culture of how we imagine life. For example, vaccines help prevent diseases in which case can eradicate and prevent diseases. This means that vaccines can prevent rare and/or previously unpreventable diseases. This also means  that vaccines can eradicate some deadly diseases including measles. In addition, vaccines are reversed engineered so that vaccinations will eventually be stronger and work better and reverse engineering can protect against multiple strains of the same virus. This means that reverse engineering of vaccination is a striking example of how it can change human life; a new process of which can increase mortality rates. All things considered, the benefits of vaccination can potentially change the culture of how we imagine life in a way of preventing diseases in using reverse engineering with higher mortality rates.

On the other hand, vaccination can have serious risks and fatalities. The risks of vaccination can have major drawback and can have a negatively impact the future of human life in a way of carelessness and mistreating people. For example, although vaccines can help prevent diseases it is still dangerous for certain people to be vaccinated with those who are young children and have weak immune systems. This means that vaccines can harm young children if vaccines used irresponsibly. Additionally, vaccines can be harmful if needles are used improperly, specifically reusing needles. This means that those who are recently vaccinated after his/her appointment can transmit their diseases; and that the disease is received to the other person and is passed through the bloodstream. This also means that this is extremely rare and is a malpractice on the doctor’s part. In conclusion, if vaccination are used incorrectly and practiced without using precaution, the patient can eventually have serious risks and fatalities.

Question/Answer:

Interviewee	Question
1. Yufei Monica Bao, Friend	Q:What is herd immunity and why is it important to you? A: " Well, herd immunity is when vaccination provides protection, it is important because that is going to affect a person' health and everyone needs to take care of themselves."
2. Kyle's Dad	Q:What is your opinion on the recent popularity of not vaccinating children, and why? A: "The parents are wrong because vaccines can prevent disease and vaccination is a right thing to do."
3.Kyle's Mom	Q:What do you think is the main reason for parents not vaccinating their children? A: "Fear of vaccinations because it can sometimes cause autism and other issues."
4.Kyle's Mom	Q:As a parent, would you let your children to get vaccinated? Why? Why not? A: "Yes, because it is important and vaccination protects other people from diseases; prudent and less risky."
5.Kyle's Dad	Q:When you were a kid, were you vaccinated? If not, have you been vaccinated later in life? A: "Yes, of course!"

Overall, people feel that vaccines are a positive and important thing, though they are concerned about any possible risks in genetic engineering.

Resources:

1. Vaccination. (2003). In B. W. Lerner & K. L. Lerner (Eds.), World of Microbiology and Immunology. Detroit: Gale. Retrieved from http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/scic/ReferenceDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=SCIC&windowstate=normal&contentModules=&display-query=&mode=view&displayGroupName=Reference&limiter=&currPage=&disableHighlighting=false&displayGroups=&sortBy=&search_within_results=&p=SCIC&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE%7CCV2644650448&source=Bookmark&u=las89135&jsid=2ec007c5c9487bcca16964da2fc7d2fd

2. Vaccination. (2007). In World of Health. Gale. Retrieved from http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/scic/ReferenceDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=SCIC&windowstate=normal&contentModules=&display-query=&mode=view&displayGroupName=Reference&limiter=&currPage=&disableHighlighting=false&displayGroups=&sortBy=&search_within_results=&p=SCIC&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE%7CCV2191501336&source=Bookmark&u=las89135&jsid=66f15bebe5cfa7001bab87eb64da5eb0
   
3. Infants, Children, & Teens “Birth - Age 18” (2011) | Vaccines.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.vaccines.gov/who_and_when/infants_to_teens/index.html

4. Virus. (2008). In R. Robinson (Ed.), Genetics. New York: Macmillan Reference USA. Retrieved from http://ic.galegroup.com/ic/scic/ReferenceDetailsPage/ReferenceDetailsWindow?failOverType=&query=&prodId=SCIC&windowstate=normal&contentModules=&display-query=&mode=view&displayGroupName=Reference&limiter=&currPage=&disableHighlighting=false&displayGroups=&sortBy=&search_within_results=&p=SCIC&action=e&catId=&activityType=&scanId=&documentId=GALE%7CCV2642650240&source=Bookmark&u=las89135&jsid=3edc3bd361c2505182bc9775f8a8b6b3

5. Genetically Engineered Vaccines (2010), Retrieved from https://www.boundless.com/microbiology/textbooks/boundless-microbiology-textbook/microbial-genetics-7/transgenic-organisms-94/genetically-engineered-vaccines-502-10778/

Reflection:

The topic of vaccines is completely moral; in fact, it is a kind of moral responsibility to vaccinate yourself and your children, so that your family does not get sick, but also so that those who can not get vaccinated do not get sick. Instead, genetically engineered vaccines can revolutionize science and can eventually lead to a better future for people. The only immoral parts of vaccinations are doctors not using proper methods, and reusing needles, and parents refusing to vaccinate their children. If prevented, the risks and fatalities of vaccinations can lead to healthy benefits and immune to diseases. Today, vaccines are constantly evolving with new ways of technology and how genetics can play a role on saving lives and protecting people. In fact, in the future, vaccines could possibly 100% eradicate the serious disease. Vaccines are also important to anyone, at any stage of life. The morality of genetically engineered vaccines is people believe that genetically engineered vaccine it is like playing God.